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146

In the 1958 several experts from vacuum-related

research in the former Yugoslavia participated at the

first International Congress on Vacuum Technique

in Namur, Belgium. Excited by the international

vacuum movement, these participants organised

the first Yugoslav Congress on Vacuum Technique

in October 23, 1960. The conference was held

in Ljubljana and included 120 participants. On

this occasion they also founded the “Yugoslav

Centre for Vacuum Technique” (JCVT) with the

seat in Ljubljana. The first president of JCVT

was Dušan Lasič. Two JCVT delegates from

Slovenia, E. Kansky and B. Zupančič, attended

the constitutional meeting of IUVSTA in Brussels

in 1962, which made Yugoslavian vacuum society

as one of the ten founding members of IUVSTA. In

1963 the JCVT changed its name to the “Yugoslav

Committee for Vacuum Technique” (JUVAK)

having the seat at the Institute of Electronics and

Vacuum Technique (IEVT) in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

JUVAK encouraged the development of vacuum-

related technologies and provided education

to researchers and industrial staff from other

republics in Yugoslavia. In 1964 the Section for

Vacuum Technique of Croatia was formed, a

predecessor of the Croatian Vacuum Society.

The Section for Vacuum Technique of Serbia

was formed a year before in 1963. In 1979 the

three vacuum societies changed the status and

the name of JUVAK to the “Yugoslav Union of

Vacuum Societies”. Throughout the history of

JUVAK the presidents were Dušan Lasič, Evgen

Kansky, Avgust Belič, Jože Gasperič, Anton Zalar

and Monika Jenko. In the period before 1990

there were about 300 members of JUVAK. JUVAK

organised 11 Yugoslav vacuum congresses,

several specialized conferences and published

24 issues of its Bulletin. JUVAK also made

important contributions to the progress of vacuum

science and technology in the whole Yugoslavia

region through educational courses, advisory

work and publication of several vacuum textbooks

in the national languages of Yugoslavia. JUVAK

also hosted three IUVSTA Executive Council

meetings: ECM-8 in Zagreb (1966), and ECM-17

(1971) and ECM-58 (1988), both in Portorož.

From 1985 Yugoslavia participated in the series

of Joint Vacuum Conferences - JVC. JUVAK

organised the 4

th

 Joint Vacuum Conference JVC-4

in September 1988 in Portorož.

After the breakup of Yugoslavia, the Croatian

Vacuum Society and Slovenian Society for

Vacuum Technique decided for dissolution of

JUVAK in 1992, and applied for a membership

in IUVSTA.

The participants of the 8

th

Yugoslav Vacuum Congress

organised by JUVAK in 1979 in Bled, Slovenia. D. Lasič

(left) and E. Kansky (right), the first two presidents of

JUVAK were in the front row.

The participants of the Executive Council meeting

of JUVAK in 1989 in Ljubljana (from left to right)

H. Zorc (Croatia), R. Stojanović (Croatia), A. Zalar

(Slovenia),T. Nenadović (Srbia), M. Jenko (Slovenia)

and Z. Šternberg (Croatia).

YUGOSLAV UNION OF VACUUM

SOCIETIES JUVAK

History of Yugoslav Union of Vacuum Societies – JUVAK,

from its formation to dissolution

Janez Kovač, Andrej Pregelj, Jože Gasperič